Cultural Shifts Because of Star Wars.

What would the cultural landscape look like now if George Lucas hadn’t convinced 20th Century Fox to take a chance on his crazy space Western? It would be very different indeed. Here are some interesting cultural reactions that would never have happened if not for Star Wars. Source: vanityfair.com

因星際大戰而發生的文化反應。如果喬治盧卡斯沒有說服二十世紀福斯公司冒險拍攝他的瘋狂太空西部片，那麼現在的文化景觀會是什麼樣子呢？這確實會非常不同。以下是一些有趣的文化反應，如果沒有《星際大戰》，這些反應就永遠不會發生。

Space Invaders: 1978

Space Invaders is released and instantly becomes an international arcade hit. The game’s designer, Tomohiro Nishikado, says he wanted to make a shooting game, but didn’t know what the targets should be—until Star Wars inspired him to use aliens.

《太空侵略者》發布並立即成為國際街機熱門遊戲。該遊戲的設計師西角智宏 (Tomohiro Nishikado) 表示，他想製作一款射擊遊戲，但不知道目標應該是什麼——直到《星際大戰》啟發他使用外星人。

Raiders of the Lost Ark: 1980

Filming commences on Raiders of the Lost Ark, a collaboration between Lucas and Steven Spielberg that was hatched in 1977—when Lucas, seeking an escape from Star Wars, invited his friend to join him on vacation in Hawaii. Lucas pitched the Indiana Jones story to Spielberg while the two made sandcastles.

《法櫃奇兵》開拍，這是盧卡斯和史蒂芬史匹柏於 1977 年合作拍攝的一部影片，當時盧卡斯為了逃避《星際大戰》，邀請他的朋友和他一起去夏威夷度假。當盧卡斯和史匹柏一起堆沙堡時，盧卡斯向史匹柏講述了印第安納瓊斯的故事。

Strategic Defense Initiative: 1983

President Ronald Reagan proposes his Strategic Defense Initiative, which critics mockingly dub “Star Wars”—not because it’s awesome, game-changing, and relatively inexpensive for how advanced it is, but because it could only exist in fantasy.

雷根總統提出了一個戰略防禦計劃，批評者戲稱其為“星球大戰”——並不是因為它多麼出色、多麼具有變革性、多麼先進、成本又多麼低廉，而是因為它只存在於幻想中。

Akira: 1988

Dystopian cyberpunk anime film Akira is released in Japan, directed by Katsuhiro Otomo from his own long-running manga series. The film is many Americans’ first exposure to anime, kicking off a Western passion for the Eastern art form that has not subsided. Otomo was influenced by Star Wars, as can be seen by the many parallels in characters, story, and tone.

反烏托邦賽博龐克動畫電影《阿基拉》在日本上映，由大友克洋執導，改編自他自己的長篇漫畫系列。這部電影是許多美國人第一次接觸動漫，引發了西方人對東方藝術形式的熱情，至今仍未消退。大友深受《星際大戰》的影響，從人物、故事和基調的眾多相似之處就可以看出。

Adobe Photoshop: 1990

Adobe Systems releases a new image editor for Macintosh called Photoshop, which soon becomes the industry standard. Photoshop was created by brothers Thomas and John Knoll while Thomas was studying at the University of Michigan and John was working at Industrial Light & Magic. And why was John working at I.L.M? Because Star Wars had inspired him to pursue a career in visual effects.

Adobe Systems 發布了適用於 Macintosh 的新影像編輯器 Photoshop，它很快就成為業界標準。 Photoshop 是由 Thomas Knoll 和 John Knoll 兄弟創建的，當時托馬斯正在密西根大學學習，而約翰則在工業光魔公司工作。那麼約翰為什麼在 I.L.M 工作呢？因為《星際大戰》激發了他從事視覺效果事業的興趣。

Jurassic Park: 1993

Some of the dinosaurs in Jurassic Park represent the first instance of digital technology being used to create detailed, living creatures in a movie. The work is done by Industrial Light & Magic, the special-effects company Lucas founded to help him make Star Wars. By 2017, I.L.M. has produced special effects for more than 300 films.

侏羅紀公園中的一些恐龍是首次使用數位科技在電影中創造細緻的生物。這項工作由盧卡斯為幫助他製作《星際大戰》而成立的特效公司工業光魔完成。到 2017 年，I.L.M.已為300多部電影製作特效。

Toy Story: 1995

Toy Story is the first feature-length computer-animated film ever released and the beginning of a new era of high-quality cartoons created by Pixar, which began in 1979 as part of Lucasfilm’s computer division before being spun off into its own company.

《玩具總動員》是有史以來發行的第一部長篇電腦動畫電影，也是皮克斯製作高品質動畫片的新時代的開始。皮克斯於 1979 年作為盧卡斯影業電腦部門的一部分成立，後分拆成為一家獨立的公司。

Lego: 1999

LEGO starts making toys with licensed characters. The first batch? Star Wars, of course. Dozens more follow, leading eventually to The LEGO Movie, in which a few Star Wars characters appear.

樂高開始製作有授權角色的玩具。第一批？當然是星際大戰。隨後又有數十部作品問世，最後形成了《樂高玩電影》，其中出現了一些《星際大戰》角色。

Jedi Religion: 2001

Some 390,000 people in the U.K. census state their religion as Jedi, making it the fourth-largest faith in the country. A rumor had gone around that the British government would officially recognize Jedi as a religion if enough people claimed it on the census.

英國人口普查數據顯示，約有 39 萬人信仰絕地武士，使其成為該國第四大宗教。有傳言稱，如果有足夠多的人在人口普查中承認絕地武士為宗教，英國政府將正式承認絕地武士為宗教。

Lord of the Rings: 2003

Peter Jackson’s Lord of the Rings trilogy reaches its conclusion. Like most filmmakers of his generation, Jackson was inspired by Lucas—“Lord of the Rings has an ethos which is very much based on that of Star Wars, which is make the world believable”.

彼得傑克森的《魔戒》三部曲迎來了結局。就像他那一代的大多數電影製作人一樣，傑克森受到了盧卡斯的啟發——「《魔戒》的精神很大程度上基於《星際大戰》，那就是讓世界變得可信」。

Volkswagen: 2011

Volkswagen’s Super Bowl commercial, called “The Force”—in which a boy in a Darth Vader costume tries to use his Jedi powers on various household items—is released online ahead of the big game, ultimately getting more than 61 million YouTube hits.

大眾汽車的超級盃廣告名為“原力”，其中一名身穿達斯·維達服裝的男孩試圖使用他的絕地武士力量來對付各種家用物品。該廣告在超級盃比賽前在網路上發布，最終在 YouTube 上獲得了超過 6,100 萬次點擊量。

Aerofex Hoverbike: 2014

Aerofex announces that the hoverbike it has been testing for a few years, inspired by similar vehicles in Return of the Jedi, will soon be available to the public for a price of around $85,000.

Aerofex 宣布，該公司測試了幾年的懸浮自行車，其靈感來自《絕地大反攻》中的類似車輛，即將以 85,000 美元左右的價格向公眾發售。